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Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) is a family of wireless broadband communication standards based on the IEEE 802.16 set of standards, which provide physical layer (PHY) and media access control (MAC) options. WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access)The IEEE 802.16 standard document is responsible for specifying and describing the air interface of the BWA systems (Broadband Wireless Access Systems) point to multipoint fixed and mobile networks, and is limited to the description of the MAC(Medium Access Control) layer and physical (PHY).The 802.16e standard is an amendment to the 802.16d standard and was ratified at the end of 2005 and published as 802.16-2005. While the 802.16d standard supports fixed and nomadic applications, the 802.16e standard supports fixed, nomadic, portable and mobile solutions.
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WiMax 802.16 (IEEE 802.16)
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In the previous article, we took a detailed look at the basics of Bluetooth (IEEE 802.15) technology. Additionally, we learned about the WLAN standard (IEEE 802.11) in a previous article. Now we will take a closer look at Wimax Internet technology, which is basically the IEEE 802.16 protocol framework.
What is Wimax Internet Technology ?
Wimax is global interoperability for microwave access. It is a series of IEEE 802.16 standards designed to prove wireless data to large numbers of users over a we area at rates comparable to ADSL and cable modem networks. Wimax is based on MAN wireless technology and is one of the hottest broadband wireless technologies today. It is a standardized wireless version of Ethernet and is primarily used as an alternative to wired technology to prove broadband access to customers. Basically, Wimax works like WiFi, but with higher speeds over longer distances and more users. Wimax has the ability to prove services in hard-to-reach areas of wired infrastructure and the ability to overcome the physical limitations of traditional wired infrastructure.
IEEE 802.16 Protocol Standard (Wimax framework)
Wimax is based on IEEE 802.16e ratified in December 2005. It is an amendment to IEEE Standard 802.16 (2004 edition). Therefore, these specifications must be consered together. IEEE 802.16e (version 2005) improves upon IEEE 802.16 (version 2004) by proving the following additional features: Added support for mobility (Mobile Wimax). Advanced antenna diversity scheme. Hybr Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ). Adaptive Antenna System (AAS). MIMO technology (Multiple Input Multiple Output). Add extra QOS for VOIP applications. The original version of the 802.16 standard specified a physical layer that operated in the 10 to 66 GHz range. The 2004 update to IEEE 802.16a added specifications for the 2 to 11 GHz range.
Media Access Control Layer
WiMAX MAC basically uses a scheduling algorithm in which subscriber stations only need to contend once to enter the network. After allowing network access, the base station allocates an access time slot to the subscriber station. Timeslots can be increased and decreased, but are still allocated to subscriber stations, which means that other users cannot use it.
IEEE 802.16 MAC frame format (Wimax frame)
Now let’s look at the different fields present in the frame unit: HT: specifies the header type, for the generic form HT=0 EC: specifies the encrypted control information, if EC=0, the payload is not encrypted or included . If EC=1, the payload is encrypted. Type: The type of frame. Indicates if packing/fragmentation is present. ESF: Extended subtitle field, present if ESF = 1, absent if ESF = 0. CI: CRC indicator. If CRC=1, CRC is included, if CRC=0, CRC is not included. EKS: Encryption Key Sequence (indicates which encryption key to use) Length: Indicates the full length of the frame, including headers. CID: is the connection ID, indicating which connection this particular frame belongs to. (destination address) HCS: Header check sequence used to detect errors in the header (CRC code).
IEEE 802.16 Architecture (Wimax Architecture)
The 802.16 architecture is based on the concept of a base station that centrally serves a large number of potential customers (subscriber stations) associated with that base station. The base station coordinates the transmission of MAC frames in the uplink and downlink directions according to the TDM frame structure. Wimax therefore works in a TDM manner. (Wimax also defines the FDM mode of operation). At the beginning of the TDM frame, after the preamble bit, the base station first sends a downlink MAP (Media Access Protocol) message list to inform the subscriber station about the physical layer properties (modulation, coding and error correction parameters). Used to transmit subsequent bursts of packets within a TDM frame. The base station can select a set of receivers to which it will transmit during a TDM frame based on the current channel conditions estimated at each receiver. This type of funnel planning is called opportunity planning. WiMAX base stations also manage subscriber station access to uplink channels by using UL-MAP messages. These messages control the length of time that each subscriber station is allowed to access the channel in subsequent uplink subframes. The initial maintenance (IM) bit and initial part of the connection request (CR) bit of the uplink subframe are used by the user to transmit radio link control messages, messages requesting admission and authentication in the WiMAX network, and higher-level management protocols, For example DHCP and SNMP. In the next article, we will explore the main differences between the two wireless technologies, namely WiFi and WiMAX. So stay tuned. report this ad
What is the IEEE 802.16 standard?
The IEEE 802.16 standard document is responsible for specifying and describing the air interface of the BWA systems (Broadband Wireless Access Systems) point to multipoint fixed and mobile networks, and is limited to the description of the MAC(Medium Access Control) layer and physical (PHY).
What are 802.16 d and 802.16 e standards?
The 802.16e standard is an amendment to the 802.16d standard and was ratified at the end of 2005 and published as 802.16-2005. While the 802.16d standard supports fixed and nomadic applications, the 802.16e standard supports fixed, nomadic, portable and mobile solutions.
What is a WiMAX technology?
WiMAX, the Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access, is a telecommunications technology aimed at providing wireless data over long distances in a variety of ways, from point-to-point links to full mobile cellular type access.
What is the other name of IEEE 802.16 technology?
WiMAX was formed in April 2001, in anticipation of the publication of the original 10-66 GHz IEEE 802.16 specifications.
What are the WiMAX protocols used for?
WiMax developed to provide wireless broadband access to buildings, either in competition to existing wired networks or alone in currently unserved rural or thinly populated areas. It can also be used to connect WLAN hotspots to the Internet. WiMAX is also intended to provide broadband connectivity to mobile devices.
What is the advantage of IEEE 802.20 over IEEE 802.16 E?
For one, 802.16e will add mobility in the 2 to 6 GHz licensed bands, while 802.20 aims for operation in licensed bands below 3.5GHz. More importantly, the 802.16e specification will be based on an existing standard (802.16a), while 802.20 is starting from scratch.
Which IEEE standard is used in mobile system?
The IEEE 802.16, the Air Interface for Fixed Broadband Wireless Access Systems, also known as the IEEE WirelessMAN air interface, is an emerging suite of standards for fixed, portable and mobile BWA in MAN.
What are the IEEE standards for wireless networks?
There are several standards of IEEE 802.11 WLANs. The prominent among them are 802.11, 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11n and 802.11p. All the standards use carrier-sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA). Also, they have support for both centralised base station based as well as ad hoc networks.
What is IEEE 802.11 and how does it work?
IEEE 802.11 standard, popularly known as WiFi, lays down the architecture and specifications of wireless LANs (WLANs). WiFi or WLAN uses high-frequency radio waves instead of cables for connecting the devices in LAN. Users connected by WLANs can move around within the area of network coverage.
What are the advantages of WiMAX?
- A single location can serve hundreds of users.
- Single WiMax BS serves hundreds of users.
- Much faster deployment of the new user as compared to wired networks.
- It creates a volume opportunity for silicon suppliers.
- The speed of 10 Mbps at 10 kilometers with a line of sight.
What are some of the features of the WiMAX standard?
- Two Type of Services. WiMAX can provide two forms of wireless service − …
- OFDM-based Physical Layer. …
- Very High Peak Data Rates. …
- Scalable Bandwidth and Data Rate Support. …
- Adaptive Modulation and Coding (AMC) …
- Link-layer Retransmissions. …
- Support for TDD and FDD. …
- WiMAX Uses OFDM.
What is the range of WiMAX?
| WiMAX Standards | ||
|---|---|---|
| IEEE 802.16 | IEEE 802.16e | |
| Range | LOS up to 5 km | Non-LOS up to 10 km |
| Channel Capacity | Up to 134 Mbps | Up to 35 Mbps |
| Duplexing Mode | TDD or FDD | TDD or FDD |
How is WiMAX different from Wi-Fi?
Wifi and WiMax are used to create wireless network connections. Wifi is used to create small networks and used to connect printers, conmputers, gaming consoles. WiMax uses spectrum to deliver connection to network. WiMax is used to provide internet services such as Mobile Data and hotspots.
See some more details on the topic What is Wimax Internet technology (IEEE 802.16 Standard) here:
What is WiMAX IEEE 802.16 Technology | Electronics Notes
WiMAX technology is a wireless broadband communications technology based around the IEE 802.16 standard proving high speed data over a we area.
WiMAX – Wikipedia tiếng Việt
WiMAX (viết tắt của Worldwe Interoperability for Microwave Access) là tiêu chuẩn IEEE 802.16 cho việc kết nối Internet băng thông rộng không dây ở khoảng …
The IEEE 802.16 Standards and the WiMAX Technology
The IEEE‐802.16 standard is a large suite of wireless broadband standards composed and authored by the IEEE standard groups. The WiMAX network reference …
What is WiMAX – Tutorialspoint
The 802.16a standard for 2-11 GHz is a wireless metropolitan area network (MAN) technology that will prove broadband wireless connectivity to Fixed, …
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