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What is Data Encryption Standard (DES)? (DES) known as Data Encryption Standard is a very old and outdated method of encrypting data using symmetric key method. This method was actually adopted in the year 1977, particularly to secure the confidential data of government agencies.The Data Encryption Standard is a block cipher, meaning a cryptographic key and algorithm are applied to a block of data simultaneously rather than one bit at a time. To encrypt a plaintext message, DES groups it into 64-bit blocks.Data Encryption Standard (DES) is a symmetric block cipher that was once the US Government’s gold standard in methods it and others used to encrypt sensitive data. DES was succeeded by the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) when, in the face of adversaries’ more potent brute-force capability, DES was deprecated.
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Data Encryption Standard (DES) is a block cipher published by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). DES was originally developed by an IBM team formed in the early 1970s in response to customer requests for methods of backing up data. The draft was initially rejected due to a too small key length (56 bits), which could make the ciphertext weaker in many attacks. Later, NIST published DES in January 1977 and defined DES as a standard for unified applications. Today, DES is the most wely used symmetric key cryptographic algorithm. The
What Is Data Encryption Standard (DES) ?
data encryption standard takes 64-bit plaintext as input and creates 64-bit ciphertext, ie. H. It encrypts data in 64-bit blocks each. Split the plaintext message into chunks of 64 bits each. Simply put, in DES, a given plaintext message is dived into blocks, each of size 64 bits, and encrypted at the initial level with a 56-bit key. In terms of decryption, DES takes 64-bit ciphertext and creates 64-bit plaintext and 56-bit key. The principle of DES is simple. Split the plaintext message into 64-bit chunks each, which is an initial arrangement. After an initial permutation of a 64-bit block, the block is dived into two 32-bit halves, called left plaintext and right plaintext. The left and right plaintexts go through 16 rounds of encryption, each with 16 different keys. 16 rounds of encryption, combining the left and right plaintexts together, and performing a final permutation of these combined blocks.
What Is Initial Permutation In Data Encryption Standard (DES) ?
Initial permutation is the process of rearranging or shuffling every bit of the original plaintext block with every other random bit of the same plaintext message block. For example: replace bit 1 of the original plaintext block with bit 48 of the original plaintext block, and replace bit 2 with bit 57 of the original plaintext message. This process is called plaintext block bit position juggling, and it is applied to all original plaintext blocks in the sequence. After the initial permutation, the 64-bit plaintext block is split into two halves, LPT (32-bit) and RPT (32-bit). At present, the 16-round encryption process of LPT and RPT has been completed. The final operation of the
How Final Permutation Takes Place In DES ?
data encryption standard is a permutation of 32-bit LPT and 32-bit RPT, generated by the XOR and swap process. Final permutations are made after 16 successful rounds are completed. The inverse of the initial arrangement is also called the final arrangement. This will create a 64-bit encrypted block. In this way, all plaintext is encrypted by performing generalized steps to produce encrypted ciphertext.
What The Advantages Of Data Encryption Standard (Strength Of DES) ?
Because it uses 56 keys, it makes brute force attacks impractical, so using 56-bit keys in encryption, there are 2^56 (2 increased to 56) possible keys, which is An unrealistic brute force attack. Algorithm properties: Cryptanalyst can use the properties of the DES algorithm for cryptanalysis, but no one has been able to find out the weaknesses. DES is more suitable for video encryption standards. A machine that performs DES encryption every microsecond would take over a thousand years to crack the cipher. For small changes in the plaintext or key, the ciphertext should change significantly.
What Is Double Data Encryption Standard (DES) ?
Double performs the same operation as DES, the only difference is that Double DES uses two keys K1 and K2. First, it encrypts the plaintext that will be encrypted with K1, obtains the first ciphertext, encrypts this ciphertext again with another key called K2 and converts it into the final ciphertext. Mathematically, double DES is expressed as Pt => EK1(Pt) => TEMP = EK1(Pt) => EK2(E(K1(P))) Cp = EK2(E(Kl(Pt))) where Pt = Plaintext EK1 (Pt) = plaintext encrypted with key K1 TEMP = EK1(Pt) = temporary variable to store the result EK2(E(K1(P))) = first encryption result using K2 Cp = final ciphertext Double Decryption of DES is encryption and vice versa. Decrypt the ciphertext obtained after the double DES encryption process with K2 to obtain the first ciphertext, and use K1 to decrypt the result (ciphertext) of the previous step to obtain the original plaintext. Decrypt the ciphertext Cp to get the plaintext Pt. Double DES needs to perform the following operations: Pt = DK2 (DK1(Cp)).
What Is Triple Data Encryption Standard (DES) ?
Triple DES performs the same operations as Double DES, the only difference is that Triple DES uses three keys K1, K2 and K3 when encrypting the plaintext. First, it encrypts the plaintext, encrypts it with K1, and gets the first ciphertext again. This ciphertext is encrypted with another key called K2 to obtain a second ciphertext, which is then encrypted with K3 and converted into the final ciphertext Cp. Mathematically, double DES is expressed as Pt => EK1(Pt) => TEMP = EK1(Pt) => EK2(E(K1(P))) => EK3 (EK2(EK1(Pt)))) Cp = EK3 (EK2 (EK1(Pt))) where Pt = plaintext EK1(Pt) = encrypted plaintext with key Kl TEMP = EKl(Pt) = temporary variable used to store the result EK2(E(K1(P)) ) = first encryption result using Kl ciphertext of EK3 (EK2(EKl(Pt))) = encryption using K2 second step result Cp = EK3 (EK2(EKl(Pt))) using Kl, K2 and K3 The decryption of the encrypted final ciphertext Triple DES is reverse encryption. The final ciphertext obtained after triple DES encryption is decrypted with K3 to obtain the second ciphertext, the second ciphertext is decrypted with K2 to obtain the first ciphertext, and the first ciphertext is decrypted again with K1 to obtain the original plaintext Pt .In order to decrypt the ciphertext Cp and get the plaintext Pt, we need to do the following. Pt = DK3(DK2 (DK1(Cp)))
What Are The Possible Attacks In DES Type Of Encryption ?
There are two main types of attacks possible in any Data Encryption Standard (DES) encryption mode. They are as follows: The first is a brute force attack: In a brute force attack, the cryptanalyst attempts to use all possible permutations and combinations in an encrypted text message to obtain the corresponding plain text message. This attack tries all possible keys until a message is obtained that correctly converts the ciphertext to plaintext. It is most commonly used for known plaintext or ciphertext attacks. As mentioned earlier, DES encrypts blocks of data with a 56-bit key. Today, the encryption key is easily cracked using special hardware called Deep Crack from the Electronic Frontier Foundation. The second type of attack is the meet-in-the-mdle attack: this attack was proposed by Markle and Hellman. A meet-in-the-mdle attack can be used against encryption algorithms that use multiple keys for encryption. An example of a successful meet-in-the-mdle attack is an attack on double DES. To increase the strength of the 56-bit DES algorithm, the concept of double DES with a key length of 112 bits and two rounds of DES encryption was introduced, but it is still vulnerable to an attack called meet-in-the-mdle. In a conference-in-the-mdle attack, a cryptanalyst can access the plaintext message and the corresponding encrypted text message. I hope you really enjoyed this article about DES. Stay tuned for more interesting content in this series. report this ad
What is Data Encryption Standard DES in cryptography?
The Data Encryption Standard is a block cipher, meaning a cryptographic key and algorithm are applied to a block of data simultaneously rather than one bit at a time. To encrypt a plaintext message, DES groups it into 64-bit blocks.
What is the Data Encryption Standard DES an example of?
Data Encryption Standard (DES) is a symmetric block cipher that was once the US Government’s gold standard in methods it and others used to encrypt sensitive data. DES was succeeded by the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) when, in the face of adversaries’ more potent brute-force capability, DES was deprecated.
What is the Data Encryption Standard DES Mcq?
What is data encryption standard (DES)? Explanation: DES is a symmetric key block cipher in which the block size is 64 bits and the key size is 64 bits. It is vulnerable to some attacks and is hence not that popularly used. Take Computer Networks Practice Tests – Chapterwise!
How does Data Encryption Standard DES work?
In a nutshell, DES encryption works by taking a plaintext input and breaking it into smaller chunks (64-bit blocks) to encrypt it using a cryptographic key. Basically, it takes your readable message and, block by block, converts it into unreadable gibberish that can only be decrypted by the decryption key holder.
How many types of Data Encryption Standard DES are available?
| General | |
|---|---|
| Successors | Triple DES, G-DES, DES-X, LOKI89, ICE |
| Cipher detail | |
| Key sizes | 56 bits |
| Block sizes | 64 bits |
What do you mean by data encryption?
Data encryption is a way of translating data from plaintext (unencrypted) to ciphertext (encrypted). Users can access encrypted data with an encryption key and decrypted data with a decryption key. Protecting your data.
What is meant by DES?
What Does Data Encryption Standard (DES) Mean? The data encryption standard (DES) is a common standard for data encryption and a form of secret key cryptography (SKC), which uses only one key for encryption and decryption.
Where is DES used?
The use of the DES algorithm was made mandatory for all financial transactions of the U.S. government involving electronic fund transfer, including those conducted by member banks of the Federal Reserve System.
What is Data Encryption Standard DES )? A block Cipherb stream Cipherc bit Cipherd byte cipher?
DES is a block cipher and works on a fixed-size block of data. The message is segmented into blocks of plaintext, each comprising 64 bits. A unique 56-bit key is used to encrypt each block of plaintext into a 64-bit block of ciphertext.
What is the heart of Data Encryption Standard DES )?
The heart of DES is the DES function. The DES function applies a 48-bit key to the rightmost 32 bits to produce a 32-bit output. to 48 bits. Although the relationship between the input and output can be defined mathematically, DES uses a Table to define this P-box.
What are the TLS and SSL Mcq?
This set of Network Security Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Secure Socket Layer”. Explanation: IP/IPSec is the Network level, SSL or TLS is the Transport Level, Kerberos and S/MIME are the Application level.
What is DES give suitable example?
The Data Encryption Standard (DES) is a symmetric-key block cipher published by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). DES is an implementation of a Feistel Cipher. It uses 16 round Feistel structure. The block size is 64-bit.
Which structure is used in DES?
DES STRUCTURE
The encryption process is made of two permutations (P-boxes), which we call initial and final permutations, and sixteen Feistel rounds. Each round uses a different 48-bit round key generated from the cipher key according to a predefined algorithm described later in the chapter.
What is difference between DES and AES?
In terms of structure, DES uses the Feistel network which divides the block into two halves before going through the encryption steps. AES on the other hand, uses permutation-substitution, which involves a series of substitution and permutation steps to create the encrypted block.
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